Moving image genre-form guide online, June 4, 2008 (Structural: work that concentrates on form rather than content. The work may base its structure on an exaggerated aspect of motion picture technique (for example, a 40 minute slow zoom or an eight hour stationary shot of the Empire State Building), or on viewers' relationships with the cinematic apparatus)

Yee, M.M. Moving image materials, 1988: p. 95 (Structuralist works: experimental films characterized by sustained or repeated views of filmed material. Editing is kept to a minimum, and frequently a single camera movement is used in a sustained fashion to explore the photographed materials)

Lopez, D. Films by genre, 1993: p. 321 (Structural film: independent or avant-garde films...which investigate the nature of film itself...minimizing action and camera movement or by working on the film itself...may make use of repeated loops, extended zooms, flickering effects and other photographic techniques...to make film an aesthetic experience outside any symbolic association derived from more traditional forms of filmmaking)

Films that use photographic techniques to investigate the nature of film as an aesthetic experience.